realizing,怎样分辨动名词和现在分词？
我们知道，动名词和现在分词都是由动词+ing构成的，而且构成的方式完全一样realizing。那么如何区分动名词和现在分词的用法呢？
一、动名词相当于名词，在句子中作及物动词和介词的宾语，现在分词不能。如：
We enjoy watching TV in the evening.(动名词watching作及物动词enjoy的宾语）
He loves living with his grandparents.(动名词living作及物动词loves的宾语）
I’m thinking about going to Shanghai for a trip next week.（动名词going作介词about的宾语）
She spends lots of time in learning English every day.动名词learning作介词int的宾语）
二、动名词(短语)作主语，现在分词不能。
Swimming is my fvorite in summer.
Living in the countryside is a pleasant thing now.
三、动名词(短语)作表语，现在分词不能。
My favorite sport is diving.
The boy’s hobby is painting.
四、现在分词作谓语，用在进行时态中,这时，其前要加be动词。动名词则不能。
I am reading a storybook now.
They were playing volleyball when we found them.
五、现在分词作后置定语，动名词则不能
There is boy standing at the door now.
I saw a car running through the forest.
One day a farmer’s donkey fell into an abandoned well.
一天，农夫的一头驴掉进了一口废弃的井里。
The animal cried piteously for hours as the farmer tried to figure out what to do.
当农夫在想，要怎么办的时候，驴凄惨地嚎叫了几个小时。
Finally, he decided the animal was too old and the well needed to be covered up anyway；so it just wasn’t worth it to him to try to retrieve the donkey.
最后，农夫决定，驴已经很老了，不管怎样也要埋葬的，所以不值得救它出来了。
He invited all his neighbors to come over and help him. They each grabbed a shovel and began to shovel dirt into the well.
他邀请了所有的邻居来帮他。他们每个人都拿了一把铁锹，开始把土铲到井里。
Realizing what was happening, the donkey at first cried and wailed horribly.
驴意识到发生了什么，刚开始猛烈地痛苦地嚎叫。
Then, a few shovel-fulls later, he quieted down completely.
然后，随着几铁锹的土的落下，驴完全安静了下来。
The farmer peered down into the well, and was astounded by what he saw.With every shovel-full of dirt that hit his back, the donkey would shake it off and take a step up on the new layer of dirt.
农夫向井内窥视，他震惊了，只见随着每一铲满满的土打在驴的背上，驴总能抖掉它们并且迈上新土层从而站得更高。
As the farmer’s neighbors continued to shovel dirt on top of the animal, he would shake it off and take a step up. 当农夫的邻居们继续铲泥土抛到驴子的背上，它抖落泥土，并踩在泥土上面。
Pretty soon, the donkey stepped up over the edge of the well and trotted off, to the shock and astonishment of everyone.
令每个人都感到震惊和诧异的是，驴一步步地向上，很快就超过了井的边缘，然后快速地跑走了。
Life is going to shovel dirt on you, all kinds of dirt. 生活会向你身上扔泥土，各种各样的泥土。
The trick to get out of the well is to stop wailing, and not to let the dirt bury you, but to shake it off and take a step up. 逃离出井的秘诀就是停止哭泣，不要让泥土埋葬了你，要把它摇掉，然后向上走一步。
Each one of our troubles is a stepping-stone. We can get out of the deepest wells just by not stopping, never giving up！
我们面临的每一个挫折都是垫脚石。我们永远不能放弃，这样我们才能逃离最深的井。
Shake it off and take a step up.
摇掉那些泥土，向上走一步。
